译者：Miss Sun

About the Author关于作者

Kenneth Grahame was born in 1859 in Edinburgh, Scotland. His mother died when he was five. His father sent Kenneth, his sister and two brothers to England, to live with their grandmother. They lived in a big old house in Cookham, Berkshire, near woods and the river Thames. Their uncle, David Ingies, taught them about the river and about boats. Many people think this is where Kenneth Grahame got his ideas for The Wind in the Willows. Kenneth Grahame went to St Edward's School in Oxford. He was a very good student, and wanted to go to university. But his family was poor, so he started work at the Bank of England instead. He did very well there. When he was 39,he got an important job as secretary of the Bank of England. By this time he had been married with a young son, Alastair. Kenneth Grahame and his family moved back to Cookham. At night Kenneth told Alastair stories about the woods, the river and its animals. He started writing these stories and later they became The Wind in the Willows. The book came out in1908and Kenneth left his job at the bank But sadly, Alastair Grahame was often ill. He died when he was only20.After his son's death, Kerneth Grahame did not write another book. He died in 1932 肯尼斯·1859年出生于苏格兰爱丁堡的格拉哈姆。他母亲五岁时去世了。他母亲五岁时去世了。他的父亲把肯尼斯、他的妹妹和两个兄弟送到英国，和祖母住在一起。他们住在靠近树林和泰晤士河的伯克希尔库卡姆的大房子里。叔叔大卫·因吉斯教他们关于河和船的事。很多人认为这是肯尼斯·格拉哈姆创作《柳林风声》的地方。肯尼斯·格拉哈姆去了牛津圣爱德华学校。他是个好学生，想上大学。但他的家庭很穷，所以他开始在英格兰银行工作。他在那里做得很好。39岁时，他在英格兰银行担任秘书时，得到了一份重要的工作。这时，他嫁给了尤恩的小女儿阿拉斯泰尔。肯尼斯·格拉哈姆和他的家人搬回了库克汉姆，肯尼斯在晚上给阿拉斯泰尔讲了森林、河流和动物的故事。他开始写这些故事，后来变成了柳树中的风。这本书于1908年出版，肯尼斯辞去了他在银行的工作，但不幸的是，阿拉斯泰尔·格拉哈姆经常生病。他死时才20岁。儿子死后，肯尼斯·格拉哈姆没有再写一本书。他于1932年去世。

About the Book关于那本书

The Wind in the Willows was published in 1908, at the beginning of the 20th century. It is the story of four animals who are friends, and their adventures in the woods and on the river. 20世纪初1908年出版的《柳林风声》。这是四种动物的故事，他们是在森林和河边冒险的朋友。

The animals-all male-have clear human characteristics. Mole is often scared but he is brave' about trying new things. Rat is strong and confident and a good friend to all. Badger is almost like a father. He wants to protect and teach all the other animals. Toad is like a little child. He is boastful and silly. The story begins in spring. Mole is cleaning his little house underground. He doesn’t like cleaning so he leaves his house and walks a long way. He sees the river for the first time. He meets Rat, a water rat, and his other animal friends, Badger and Toad Rat teaches Mole about the river and about boats and then their adventures begin. The main part of the story centres around Toad and his mad ideas and behaviour. His adventures are both exciting and comic but they also get him into trouble. But his friends Badger, Rat and Mole help save him in the end. The importance of friendship is one of the main themes of the story. At first when the book came out it was not very popular. Then in1929, it was dramatized by A. A. Milne, the author of another famous children's book, Winnie-the-Pooh. He called it Toad of Toad Hall. The character of Toad is now one of the most famous in English literature. 这些动物都是男性，具有明显的人类特征。鼹鼠经常害怕，但他有勇气尝试新事物。鼹鼠经常害怕，但他有勇气尝试新事物。河鼠很强壮，很自信，是大家的好朋友。獾就像父亲。他想保护和教导所有其他动物。蟾蜍就像一个孩子。他喜欢吹牛和愚蠢。故事从春天开始。鼹鼠在地下打扫他的小房子。他不喜欢打扫卫生，所以离家很久了。他第一次看到这条河。他遇到了一只河鼠，还有其他动物朋友獾和蟾蜍。河鼠教鼹鼠关于河和船，然后他们的冒险开始了。故事的主要部分是蟾蜍和他疯狂的想法和行为。他的冒险既刺激又滑稽，但也给他带来了麻烦。但他的朋友獾、河鼠和鼹鼠终于救了他。友谊的重要性是这个故事的主题之一。这本书刚出版的时候，并不是很受欢迎。1929年，另一本著名的儿童读物《小熊》Winnie》的作者A·A·米尔恩把它改名为蟾蜍厅的蟾蜍。蟾蜍是英国文学中最著名的人物之一。来源:陪你学英语微信官方账号（ID:gh_5c9592fefed1）

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